The prevalence of Asthma in Australia is one of the highest in the world, affecting 14-16% of Australian children and 10-12% of Australian adults, while in 2014, COPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disorder) was the 5th leading cause of death in Australia, claiming an estimated 7,025 citizens.
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Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)
COPD is one of the most common lung diseases that make breathing difficult. COPD consists of a combination of the following two lung diseases:
- Emphysema: progressive disease of the lungs in which lung tissue is destroyed
- Chronic bronchitis: long term cough with mucus.
COPD is often caused by smoking and damage is permanent even after a person stops smoking. Primary symptoms include shortness of breath, difficulty breathing, chronic cough and an expanded chest. COPD may be identified by Spirometry and Comprehensive Lung Function Testing. There is no cure for COPD but quitting smoking will slow progress of the disease. Additional treatment may include medicines, vaccines, pulmonary rehabilitation, oxygen therapy and surgery.
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Restrictive Lung Disease
Restrictive Lung Disease is a lung disease that causes a decrease in the ability to expand the lung (breathe in), which may make it difficult to get enough oxygen. Restrictive lung disease is typically caused by scarring (and subsequent stiffness) of the lungs, which may be a result of long-term asbestos exposure, radiation or chemotherapy from cancer treatment, allergic reaction to inhaled particles, connective tissue disease (such as rheumatoid arthritis or lupus), certain drugs, neuromuscular disease, obesity, etc. Primary symptoms are shortness of breath and cough. Interstitial Lung Disease is a type of Restrictive Lung Disease. Restrictive Lung Disease may be identified by Comprehensive Lung Function Tests, blood testing, chest x-ray, CT scan and lung biopsy. Treatment may include avoiding lung irritants, pulmonary rehabilitation, oxygen therapy, steroids, vaccines, or bronchodilators if small airways are obstructed.
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Asthma
Asthma is a chronic disease that inflames and narrows the airways, making it difficult to breathe air in and out of the lungs. Symptoms include wheezing, coughing, chest tightness and shortness of breath. A spirometry test may identify asthma but the Mannitol Challenge Test will more accurately diagnose this disease. Asthma is most often treated with inhaled medicines known as bronchodilators.
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Allergies
An allergy is an immune disease in which a person has heightened sensitivity to normal substances in the environment. These substances (known as allergens) may be found in air particles, food, certain medicine, or caused by insect (bee) stings. Symptoms may include irritation of the nose, sneezing, cough, redness or itchiness of the eyes, skin rash, airway swelling/constriction, etc. A person may be evaluated for various aeroallergies at Sleep WA with the Skin Test to Common Aeroallergens. Allergies are typically managed with medication (such as corticosteroids, anti-histamines and decongestants) and immunotherapy (allergy shots).
Frequently asked questions
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What happens during a sleep study?
During a sleep study (polysomnography), you’ll stay overnight at our clinic where we’ll monitor your brain waves, heart rate, breathing patterns, oxygen levels, and body movements while you sleep. Small sensors will be attached to your scalp, face, chest, and limbs. The procedure is painless and designed to analyze your sleep architecture and identify any disorders.
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How do I prepare for my first appointment?
For your first appointment, bring a list of your symptoms, current medications, sleep patterns (consider keeping a sleep diary for 1-2 weeks prior), and any previous medical records related to sleep issues. Wear comfortable clothing, and be prepared to discuss your sleep habits, lifestyle, and medical history in detail. You may be asked to complete questionnaires about your sleep quality and daytime functioning.
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What symptoms indicate I should visit a sleep clinic?
Common signs that warrant a sleep clinic consultation include chronic snoring, gasping for breath during sleep, persistent insomnia, excessive daytime sleepiness, morning headaches, difficulty concentrating, irritability due to poor sleep quality, restless leg syndrome symptoms, and waking up feeling unrefreshed despite adequate time in bed.
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Does insurance cover sleep studies and treatment?
Most health insurance plans cover sleep studies and treatments when medically necessary. The level of coverage varies by provider and plan. Our administrative team can help verify your benefits before your appointment and discuss any potential out-of-pocket expenses.
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How are sleep apnoea and other sleep disorders treated?
Treatment depends on your specific diagnosis. Options may include CPAP therapy for sleep apnoea, behavioural therapy for insomnia, medication for narcolepsy or restless leg syndrome, lifestyle modifications, weight management, or dental appliances. We create individualised treatment plans based on your unique condition and needs.
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How long does it take to adjust to CPAP therapy?
Adjustment to CPAP therapy varies by individual. Most patients begin feeling benefits within a few days to weeks, though complete adaptation may take 2-3 months. Our team provides ongoing support, mask fitting adjustments, and troubleshooting to ensure your comfort and treatment success.
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How does poor sleep affect my overall health?
Chronic sleep deprivation can significantly impact physical and mental health, including increased risk of cardiovascular disease, diabetes, obesity, weakened immune function, depression, anxiety, impaired cognitive function, and reduced quality of life. Quality sleep is essential for your body’s healing, memory consolidation, and hormone regulation.
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What lifestyle changes can improve my sleep quality?
Beneficial changes include maintaining a consistent sleep schedule, creating a comfortable sleep environment, limiting screen time before bed, avoiding caffeine and alcohol close to bedtime, regular exercise (but not right before bed), stress management techniques, and establishing a relaxing bedtime routine.